How Does Powerful Dc Motor Work?

A Direct Current (DC) motor is a motor that turns energy from a direct current and turns this into mechanical energy. The first DC motor was developed around the ’s-s. They were commercially unsuccessful, because these motors were battry powered and batteries were still very expensive and the quality was low. When the electrical grid was created and the rechargeable batteries were invented in the late s this all changed. The first commercially viable DC motors entered the market. DC motors have been improved continiously, but other types of motors, like the BLDC motor, have been developed in the mean time too. As a result, the use of brushed Direct Current motors in several applications is limeted today.

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How a DC motor actually works

The rotor is normally located on the inside of the motor, while the stator is located on the outside. The rotor contains coil windings that are powered by the DC current and the stator contains either permanent magnets or electromagnetic windings. When the motor is powered by DC current, a magnetic field is created within the stator, attracting and repelling the magnets on the rotor. This causes the rotor to start rotating. To keep the rotor rotating, the motor has a commutator. When the rotor aligns with the magnetic field, it would stop spinning, but in this case the commutator would reverse the current through the stator and this way reverse the magnetic field. This way the rotor can keep spinning. See the image on the right for a schematic display of how the dc motor works.

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Learn how a DC motor works to understand the basic working principle of a DC motor. We consider conventional current, electron flow, the winding, armature, rotor, shaft, stator, brushes, brush arms, terminals, emf, electromagnets, magnetic attraction as well as detailed animations for how the dc motor works.

Scroll to the bottom to watch the YouTube tutorial.