What is Razor Blade Barbed Wire and Why Do We Use Them?

Mesh of metal strips with sharp edges to prevent trespassing

Barbed tape or razor wire is a mesh of metal strips with sharp edges whose purpose is to prevent trespassing by humans or to secure facilities such as prisons where there is a risk of escape. The term "razor wire", through long usage, has generally been used to describe barbed tape products. Razor wire is much sharper than the standard barbed wire; it is named after its appearance but is not razor sharp. The points are very sharp and made to rip and snag clothing and flesh.

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The multiple blades of a razor-wire fence are designed to inflict serious cuts on anyone attempting to climb through or over it, which simultaneously gives it a strong psychological deterrent effect. Although it can be circumvented relatively quickly by humans with tools (Bolt cutters being a prominent example). Attempting to get through razor wire without tools is incredibly hazardous and requires a substantial amount of time; thwarting such attempts or giving corresponding security forces more time to respond.

Use

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The first use of barbed wire for warfare was in during the Spanish American War, thirty-one years after the first patents were issued in . One of the most notable examples during the Spanish American War is the defense provided by the Moron-Jucardo Trocha. The trocha (or trench) stretched for fifty miles between the cities of Moron and Jucardo. Within this trench, and in addition to fallen trees, barbed wire was used. The barbed wire was arranged in a cat’s cradle formation that for every 12 yards of barbed fence built, 420 yards of barbed wire was strung (or 35 yards of wire per yard of fence).[1]

Later versions of this type of barbed wire were manufactured by Germany during the First World War. The reason for this was a wartime shortage of wire to make conventional barbed wire. Therefore, flat wire with triangular cutting edges began to be punched out of steel strips ("band barbed wire"). A welcome side effect was that a comparable length of barbed wire of this new type could be produced in less time. These precursors to NATO wire did not yet have an inner wire for stabilization, were therefore easy to cut with tin snips, and were also not as robust as normal barbed wire. However, they withstood the wire cutters used at the time to cut normal barbed wire, as was common at the front.[2][3][4][5]

An article in a issue of The Hardware Trade Journal tells the story under the headline: "This Cruel War’s Abuse of Our Old Friend ‘Bob Wire.'" After telling a little about Glidden and his invention, the article goes on as follows: "Quite naturally some animals enclosed by Glidden’s fencing gashed themselves on the barbs. Just as naturally, men and boys tried to climb over or under those fences and had their clothes and flesh torn...These wounds upon man and beast and the suddenness with which Glidden’s barbs halted all living things came to the attention of military men, and the barbed wire entanglement of which we now read almost every day in the war news was born...And it may be said right here that soldiers who have been halted by wire entanglements while making a charge say the devil never invented anything nastier."[6][7]

Starting in the late s, barbed tape was typically found in prisons and secure mental hospitals, where the increased breaching time for a poorly equipped potential escapee was a definite advantage. Until the development of reinforced barbed tape in the early s (and especially after the September 11 attacks), it was rarely used for military purposes or genuine high security facilities because, with the correct tools, it was easier to breach than ordinary barbed wire. Since then, some military forces have replaced barbed wire with barbed tape for many applications, mainly because it is slightly lighter for the same effective coverage, and it takes up very little space compared to barbed wire or reinforced barbed tape when stored on drums.

More recently,[when?] barbed tape has been used in more commercial and residential security applications. This is often primarily a visual deterrent since a well-prepared burglar can breach barbed wire and barbed tape barriers in similar amounts of time, using simple techniques such as cutting the wire or throwing a piece of carpet over its strands.

Due to its dangerous nature, razor wire/barbed tape and similar fencing/barrier materials are prohibited in some locales. Norway prohibits any barbed wire except in combination with other fencing, in order to protect domesticated animals from exposure.[8]

Construction

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Razor wire has a central strand of high tensile strength wire, and a steel tape punched into a shape with barbs. The steel tape is then cold-crimped tightly to the wire everywhere except for the barbs. Flat barbed tape is very similar, but has no central reinforcement wire. The process of combining the two is called roll forming.

Types

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Like barbed wire, razor wire is available as either straight wire, spiral (helical) coils, concertina (clipped) coils, flat wrapped panels or welded mesh panels. Unlike barbed wire, which usually is available only as plain steel or galvanized, barbed tape razor wire is also manufactured in stainless steel to reduce corrosion from rusting. The core wire can be galvanized and the tape stainless, although fully stainless barbed tape is used for permanent installations in harsh climatic environments or under water.

Barbed tape is also characterized by the shape of the barbs. Although there are no formal definitions, typically short barb barbed tape has barbs from 10–12 millimetres (0.4–0.5 in), medium barb tape has barbs 20–22 millimetres (0.8–0.9 in), and long barb tape has barbs 60–66 millimetres (2.4–2.6 in).

Additional reading:
5 Must-Have Features in a Perforated Metal Sheet Supplier

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According to the structure

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• Helical type: Helical type razor wire is the most simple pattern. There are no concertina attachments and each spiral loop is left. It shows a natural spiral freely.
• Concertina type: It is the most widely used type in the security defense applications. The adjacent loops of helical coils are attached by clips at specified points on the circumference. It shows an accordion-like configuration condition.
• Blade type: The razor wire are produced in straight lines and cut into a certain length to be welded onto the galvanized or powder coated frame. It can be used individually as a security barrier.
  • Flat type: A popular razor wire type with flat and smooth configuration (like Olympic rings). According to different technology, it can be clipped or the welded type.
  • Welded type: The razor wire tape are welded into panels, then the panels are connected by clips or tie wires to form a continuous razor wire fence.
• Flattened type: A transformation of single coil concertina razor wire. The concertina wire is flattened to form the flat-type razor wire.

According to the coil type

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• Single coil: Commonly seen and widely used type, which is available in both helical and concertina types.
• Double coil: A complex razor wire type to supply higher security grade. A smaller diameter coil is placed inside of the larger diameter coil. It is also available in both helical and concertina types.

Common specifications of razor wire

[edit] Specification Wire dia.
(mm) Barb (mm) Thickness Length Width Spacing BTO-10 2.5±0.1 0.50±0.05 10±1 13±1 26±1 BTO-12 2.5±0.1 0.50±0.05 12±1 15±1 26±1 BTO-18 2.5±0.1 0.50±0.05 18±1 15±1 33±1 BTO-22 2.5±0.1 0.50±0.05 22±1 15±1 34±1 BTO-28 2.5 0.50±0.05 28 15 45±1 BTO-30 2.5 0.50±0.05 30 18 45±1 CBT-60 2.5±0.1 0.60±0.05 60±2 32±1 100±2 CBT-65 2.5±0.1 0.60±0.05 65±2 21±1 100±2

• Short barb razor wire with central reinforcement
• Medium barb razor wire
• Long barb razor wire on a fence. At the bottom there is some barbed wire.

See also

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• Access control
• Environmental design
• Physical security
• Wire obstacle
• Concertina wire

References

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Razor wire is made up of high tensile core wire and a punched steel tape with sharp barbs at close intervals uniformly. The razor tape is cold crimped tightly onto the spring steel core, and finally into rolls for easy transport and deployment. And there are many styles of coils and blades that can be used in different environments. The wire is exceedingly hard to cut utilizing hand devices. While the barbs have a penetrating and grasping activity, reinforced steel makes it difficult to twist.

Barbed wire is fencing wire with pointed barbs at regular intervals along the central wire. It uses a fully automatic barbed wire machine to wrap the barb wire around the main line, which looks like a rope. And barbed wire has three kinds of commonly used twisting methods. Its sharp edge can frighten intruders and thieves, and it is available to combine with other fences for security barriers.

Undoubtedly, razor wire is much more defensive than barbed wire. Closely connected coils, not enough space for people to pass through. Sharp edges and blades can easily cut through people’s clothes or skin. It’s impossible to cross the barrier of razor wire without enough tools. Compared with barbed wire, razor wire is more dangerous. It’s better suited to fences or barriers that prevent people from passing through. For example, it can be used in residential walls, factory fences, military barriers, border walls and so on. Don’t use it to protect your livestock, it will hurt them easily.

Barbed wire is often used to build inexpensive fences. Although its protective performance and deterrent power are not as good as razor wire, its manufacturing cost is very low due to its simple manufacturing process and no waste of raw materials. It is a more economical protective fence than razor wire. It’s not as dangerous as razor wire, but don’t ignore its sharp barb wire. Don’t try to cross it unless you want to get hurt. Barbed wire is often used for grassland boundaries, garden protection, livestock protection and so on. Barbed wire is the first fencing technique that can restrain cattle.

Razor wire is commonly used individually as a fence or wall topping for the site and border security. There are several ways of the razor wire installation.
1. It can be installed onto the existing fence systems – fixed to the top or bottom of the fence with tie wire or barb arms. Such as welded mesh fence, chain link fence, palisade, and ornamental fencing.
2. Installed on top of the brick/concrete wall – barb arm with flange fasten the razor wire on the brick or concrete wall.
3. To meet the needs of some applications, it can also be installed on the ground along the perimeter. Spread it out directly on the ground to form barrier and separation line.
4. Wed onto frames or attach onto posts as security fencing. Such as welded wire mesh fence.
According to the different operating environment, specially designed brackets should be used to support the razor wire fence

The barbed wire can be used in many places and ways.
Used independently as a fence, barbed wires need to be fixed to fence posts with nails and tie wires. This creates a barbed wire fence. And it can also be fixed to the top of other fences through barb arm and tie wire, like chain link fence, welded wire mesh fencing, diamond mesh fence and so on. After putting the barbed wire on it, the security will be much higher.

Barbed wire fencing is very easy to installation and the speed of installation is very fast. Indeed, even a worker of medium skill can without much of a stretch install such a fencing system. It’s important to note that no matter where you install it, you must tighten and straighten the barbed wire.

Barbed wire has fewer raw materials than other fencing products, and its fabrication process is simple. So the cost of barbed wire fence is relatively economical. If you want to surround a large site and don’t require too much security, I have to say it is a great idea to use the barbed wire fencing. It will save you a lot of money.

Razor wire is slightly more expensive than barbed wire because of its complex manufacturing process and the waste of raw materials in the manufacturing process. But the wire material and blade material cost less than other kinds of fences if covering same length area. And when you need a big quantity of high-security products, and maybe you have a limited budget for your project, then the razor wire fence is a quite good choice for you.

Maintenance of both products is simple as the fencing doesn’t wear out easily if installed properly. And the use of high-quality materials and surface treatment methods can be used for a long time without being corroded. So these two products hardly need to be maintained, just pay attention to repairing areas that may be artificially damaged.

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